Conflicts of Interest: General Principles
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A criminal law prohibits you from participating personally and substantially in an official capacity in any particular matter that would have a direct and predictable effect on your financial interests or the financial interests of certain other persons.
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Typically, if you have such interests, you must disqualify yourself from participating in the matter unless an exemption applies.
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For each violation, potential penalties range from:
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1 - 5 years of imprisonment, and/or
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A civil monetary penalty
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Let's take a closer look at the bolded elements of this rule...